:root{color-scheme:light;--ink:#404040;--muted:#626262;--link:#007e9c;--line:#e4e4e4;--surface:#f5f5f5;--sans:'Open Sans',Arial,sans-serif;--serif:Lora,Georgia,serif}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:5rem}body{margin:0;color:var(--ink);background:white;font:1.125rem/1.65 var(--serif);overflow-wrap:break-word}a{color:var(--link);text-decoration:none}a:hover{text-decoration:underline;color:#005e75}a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #007e9c;outline-offset:4px}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}h1,h2,h3,.nav,.subtitle,.meta,footer,.button{font-family:var(--sans)}h1,h2,h3{line-height:1.25}h2{font-size:1.6rem;margin:2.3rem 0 1.1rem}h3{font-size:1.125rem;margin:0 0 .6rem}p{margin:0 0 1.2rem}.skip{position:absolute;top:-5rem;left:1rem;padding:.5rem 1rem;background:white;z-index:10}.skip:focus{top:.5rem}.nav{background:var(--surface);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);font-size:.875rem}.nav-inner{min-height:62px;max-width:1400px;margin:auto;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;padding:0 2rem;gap:1.5rem}.brand{font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:800;color:var(--ink);white-space:nowrap}.nav-links{display:flex;gap:1.9rem;align-items:center;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.nav-links a{display:block;padding:1.2rem 0;color:var(--ink);font-size:.8rem;font-weight:800;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.06em}.nav-links a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--link)}.menu-toggle{display:none;align-items:center;gap:.5rem;background:transparent;border:1px solid #bdbdbd;border-radius:4px;padding:.5rem .7rem;font:700 .875rem var(--sans);color:var(--ink);cursor:pointer}.page-header{text-align:center;padding:4.25rem 1.5rem 2.65rem}.page-header h1{font-size:2.25rem;font-weight:800;margin:0}.heading-rule{border:0;background:#808080;border-radius:2px;width:100px;height:4px;margin:1rem auto}.subtitle{font-size:1.4rem;font-weight:300;margin:0;color:#555}.container{max-width:820px;padding:0 24px;margin:0 auto}.bio{display:grid;grid-template-columns:230px 1fr;gap:1.5rem;align-items:start}.portrait{width:230px;border-radius:8px;display:block}.bio p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.profile-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.45rem 1rem;font:600 .875rem/1.7 var(--sans);padding-top:1.1rem}.section-rule{border:0;border-top:2px solid #888;margin:2rem 0}.news{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.news li{display:grid;grid-template-columns:100px 1fr;gap:1rem;margin-bottom:1.2rem}.news time{padding-top:.15rem;font:600 .875rem/1.6 var(--sans);color:var(--muted)}.news p{margin:0}.archive{margin-top:1rem}.archive summary{font:600 .9375rem var(--sans);color:var(--link);cursor:pointer;padding:.75rem 0}.archive[open] summary{margin-bottom:1rem}.publication,.course,.experience{padding:0 0 1.7rem;margin:0 0 1.7rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.publication h3{font-size:1.18rem;line-height:1.45}.publication p{margin:.25rem 0}.meta{color:var(--muted);font-size:.9rem;line-height:1.6}.paper-links{display:flex;gap:1rem;font:600 .875rem var(--sans);margin-top:.65rem}.intro{margin-bottom:2rem}.course ul{padding-left:1.5rem}.table-wrap{overflow-x:auto}table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;margin:1.25rem 0;font-size:1rem}th{text-align:left;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:.875rem}th,td{padding:.8rem .6rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);vertical-align:top}td a{display:inline-block;margin-right:.8rem}.books{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}.books li{padding:1rem 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.book-title{font-weight:700;display:block}.book-author{font-size:1rem;color:var(--muted)}blockquote{margin:0 0 2rem;padding-left:1.2rem;border-left:3px solid #888;font-style:italic}blockquote cite{display:block;font-style:normal;font-size:1rem;margin-top:.6rem}.button{display:inline-block;border:1px solid var(--link);border-radius:4px;padding:.6rem 1rem;font-size:.9375rem;font-weight:600}.page-content{padding-bottom:1rem;min-height:260px}footer{margin-top:3.5rem;padding:2.5rem 1.5rem;background:var(--surface);border-top:1px solid var(--line);text-align:center;font-size:.9rem;color:var(--muted)}.footer-links{display:flex;justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.7rem 1.5rem;margin:0 0 1.1rem;padding:0;list-style:none}.footer-links a{font-weight:700;color:var(--ink)}footer p{margin:.35rem 0}footer .credit{font: .875rem var(--serif)}.cv-note{margin:1.5rem 0}.small-note{font-size:.9375rem;color:var(--muted)}
@media(max-width:700px){.nav-inner{flex-wrap:wrap;padding:.7rem 1.2rem;gap:0;min-height:62px}.menu-toggle{display:flex}.nav-links{width:100%;flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch;gap:0;padding-top:.5rem}.nav-links li a{padding:.7rem 0}.js .nav-links{display:none}.js .nav-links.is-open{display:flex}.page-header{padding:2.5rem 1.25rem 2rem}.page-header h1{font-size:2rem}.subtitle{font-size:1.15rem}.container{padding:0 22px}.bio{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.5rem}.portrait{width:220px;margin:0 auto}.profile-links{justify-content:center}.news li{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.25rem;margin-bottom:1.4rem}body{font-size:1.0625rem}.news time{font-size:.875rem}h2{font-size:1.45rem}footer{margin-top:2.5rem;padding:2rem 1.25rem}th,td{padding:.7rem .35rem}.page-content{min-height:220px}}
.portrait-placeholder{width:230px;height:300px;border-radius:8px;border:1px solid #e0e3e5;background:#f0f2f3;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:1rem;color:#65717b;font: .875rem var(--sans);margin:0 auto}.portrait-initials{font:300 3.5rem var(--sans);letter-spacing:.03em;color:#6b7780}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}}
@media print{.nav,.skip,footer,.menu-toggle{display:none}.page-header{padding:1rem}.container{max-width:none}.archive .news{display:block}a{color:inherit}.publication,.course,.experience{break-inside:avoid}}

/* Charcoal and blue palette from Zihan's original website. */
:root{--ink:#303030;--muted:#62666a;--link:#226e93;--surface:#f3f3f3;--sans:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,"Segoe UI",Arial,sans-serif;--serif:Georgia,serif}
body{font:1.0625rem/1.8 var(--sans);color:var(--ink)}
a:hover{color:#164c67}
.nav{background:#212121;border-bottom:1px solid #414141}
.nav-inner{max-width:1180px;min-height:70px}
.brand{color:#fff;font-size:1.2rem;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:.015em}
.brand:hover{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
.nav-links{gap:2rem}
.nav-links a{color:#cfcfcf;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:550;letter-spacing:.01em;text-transform:none;padding:1.35rem 0;position:relative}
.nav-links a:hover,.nav-links a[aria-current=page]{color:#fff;text-decoration:none}
.nav-links a[aria-current=page]::after{content:"";position:absolute;bottom:.8rem;left:0;right:0;height:2px;background:#8bb6cb}
.page-header{background:#303030;color:#fff;padding:2.8rem 1.5rem 2.7rem;margin-bottom:3rem}
.page-header h1{font-size:2.5rem;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:-.025em}
.heading-rule{width:48px;height:2px;background:#8bb6cb;margin:1rem auto}
.subtitle{color:#ddd;font-size:1.1rem;font-weight:400;letter-spacing:.015em}
.container{max-width:940px}
.bio{grid-template-columns:230px 1fr;gap:2.6rem}
.bio p{margin-bottom:1.15rem}
.profile-links{font-size:.875rem;font-weight:500;gap:.35rem .55rem}
.portrait-placeholder{border-color:#d9dde0;background:#eceeef;color:#65717b}
.portrait-initials{color:#69767d}
.section-rule{border-top:1px solid #d4d7d9;margin:2.8rem 0 2rem}
h2{font-size:1.45rem;font-weight:650;letter-spacing:-.015em;margin:2.25rem 0 1.25rem}
.page-content>h2:first-child{margin-top:0}
h3{font-weight:600}
.news li{grid-template-columns:96px 1fr;gap:1.5rem;margin-bottom:1.3rem}
.news time{color:#6a6a6a;font-weight:500;padding-top:.28rem;white-space:nowrap}
.news p{line-height:1.75}
.research-list{padding-left:1.4rem;margin:0 0 2rem}
.research-list .publication{padding:0 0 1.1rem .35rem;margin:0 0 1.1rem;border-bottom:1px solid #e8e8e8}
.research-list .publication:last-child{border-bottom:0}
.research-list li::marker{color:#226e93;font-size:1rem}
.research-list h3{font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.6;margin:0 0 .3rem}
.research-list .publication p{font-size:.9375rem;line-height:1.65}
.paper-links{font-size:.875rem;font-weight:550}
footer{background:#f2f2f2;border-top:1px solid #ddd;padding:2rem 1.5rem;margin-top:3.5rem}
.footer-links{gap:1.5rem;font-size:.875rem}
.footer-links a{font-weight:550;color:#4a4a4a}
footer p{font-size:.8125rem;color:#717171}
.menu-toggle{border-color:#777;color:#eee}
.cv-container{max-width:1140px}
.cv-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:180px minmax(0,1fr);gap:2.5rem;align-items:start}
.cv-sidebar{position:sticky;top:1.5rem;padding:1.25rem 0}
.cv-sidebar-name{font-weight:650;font-size:1rem;margin:0 0 1rem}
.cv-sidebar nav{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:.4rem;border-left:1px solid #d2d5d8}
.cv-sidebar a{font-size:.875rem;padding:.45rem 1rem;color:#606468;line-height:1.5}
.cv-sidebar a[aria-current=page]{color:#226e93;background:#f3f5f6;font-weight:650}
.cv-sidebar a:hover{color:#226e93;background:#f3f5f6;text-decoration:none}
.cv-document-placeholder{background:#e5e7e9;border:1px solid #d2d5d8;border-radius:4px;padding:2rem;min-height:460px;display:flex;justify-content:center}
.cv-paper{background:white;box-shadow:0 2px 7px #00000012;max-width:500px;width:100%;padding:3.5rem 2.5rem;text-align:left}
.cv-paper-label{font-size:.75rem;letter-spacing:.14em;color:#62666a}
.cv-paper h2{font-size:1.75rem;margin:1rem 0 1.3rem}
.cv-paper-rule{height:1px;background:#d5d8da;margin:0 0 2.25rem}
.cv-paper p{color:#62666a;font-size:1rem}
.cv-paper .small-note{font-size:.875rem;color:#74777a}
.cv-actions{display:flex;gap:.75rem;margin-bottom:1rem}
.cv-pdf{width:100%;height:850px;border:1px solid #d2d5d8}
.cv-content h2[id]{scroll-margin-top:1.5rem}
.experience{padding-bottom:1rem;margin-bottom:1rem}
.experience p{margin:.3rem 0}
@media(max-width:700px){
 .nav-inner{padding:.7rem 1.2rem;min-height:64px}.nav-links{gap:0}.nav-links a{padding:.7rem 0}.nav-links a[aria-current=page]::after{display:none}
 .page-header{padding:2.2rem 1.25rem 2.1rem;margin-bottom:2rem}.page-header h1{font-size:2.1rem}.subtitle{font-size:1rem}
 .bio{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.6rem}.news li{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:.15rem}.news time{font-size:.875rem}.news p{line-height:1.75}
 .cv-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.3rem}.cv-sidebar{position:static;padding:0}.cv-sidebar-name{display:none}.cv-sidebar nav{flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;border-left:0;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;padding-bottom:.7rem;gap:.25rem .8rem}.cv-sidebar a{padding:.35rem 0}
 .cv-document-placeholder{min-height:360px;padding:1.15rem}.cv-paper{padding:2.2rem 1.3rem}.cv-paper h2{font-size:1.6rem}.cv-pdf{height:70vh;min-height:450px}.research-list{padding-left:1.15rem}
}
@media print{.page-header{background:white;color:#212121}.subtitle{color:#444}.cv-sidebar{display:none}.cv-layout{display:block}.cv-document-placeholder{display:none}}

/* September 2026 refinement: softer banners and clearer reading hierarchy. */
:root{--ink:#2d3339;--muted:#626b74;--link:#226e93;--line:#e3e7ea;--surface:#f5f6f7}
body{background:#fff}
a:focus-visible,button:focus-visible,summary:focus-visible{outline-color:var(--link)}
.nav{background:#24272b;border-bottom-color:#42464b}
.nav-inner{min-height:66px}
.nav-links a{color:#d6d9dc;padding:1.2rem 0}
.nav-links a[aria-current=page]::after{bottom:.65rem;background:#94bbcf}
.page-header{background:#3a3e43;padding:1.8rem 1.5rem 1.9rem;margin-bottom:2.6rem}
.page-header h1{font-size:2.3rem;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.025em}
.heading-rule{background:#94bbcf;width:40px;margin:.8rem auto}
.subtitle{color:#e0e3e6;font-size:1.0625rem;letter-spacing:0}
h2{color:#2d3339;line-height:1.35;margin-bottom:1.35rem}
.bio{gap:2.8rem}
.bio p{line-height:1.85}
.section-rule{border-top-color:var(--line);margin:2.7rem 0 2rem}
.research-list{margin-bottom:2.6rem}
.research-list .publication{padding:0 0 1.4rem .35rem;margin-bottom:1.4rem;border-bottom-color:var(--line)}
.research-list h3{font-size:1.125rem;font-weight:650;line-height:1.55;margin-bottom:.5rem;color:#2d3339}
.research-list .publication p{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.7;color:#535c65;margin:.3rem 0}
.research-list .publication p strong{color:#37424b;font-weight:600}
.research-list .publication p.meta{font-size:.9375rem;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.8;margin-top:.45rem}
.research-list li::marker{color:var(--link)}
.news time{color:var(--muted)}
.portrait-placeholder{background:#f1f3f5;border-color:#dce1e5;color:#626d77}
.portrait-initials{color:#6b7883}
.button{border-radius:5px;padding:.6rem 1.05rem}
.cv-actions .button:first-child{background:var(--link);color:#fff}
.cv-actions .button:first-child:hover{background:#195976;border-color:#195976;text-decoration:none}
.cv-actions .button:last-child:hover{background:#eef4f7;text-decoration:none}
.cv-sidebar a[aria-current=page]{background:#edf3f6;color:var(--link)}
footer{background:var(--surface);border-top-color:var(--line);margin-top:3rem}
.footer-links a{color:var(--link)}
@media(max-width:700px){
 .nav-inner{min-height:62px}.nav-links a{padding:.7rem 0}
 .page-header{padding:1.6rem 1.25rem 1.7rem;margin-bottom:2rem}
 .page-header h1{font-size:2rem}.subtitle{font-size:1rem}
 .bio{gap:1.6rem}
 .research-list h3{font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.6}
 .research-list .publication{padding-bottom:1.2rem;margin-bottom:1.2rem}
}
@media print{.page-header{background:#fff;color:#212121}.subtitle{color:#444}.cv-actions{display:none}}

/* Personal photographs, with gentle display crops and original files preserved. */
.portrait{width:230px;height:auto;border-radius:6px}
.life-section{padding-bottom:2.8rem;margin-bottom:2.8rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}
.life-section:last-child{padding-bottom:0;margin-bottom:0;border-bottom:0}
.life-section h2{margin-top:0}
.life-section figure{margin:0;min-width:0}
.hobby-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,.8fr) minmax(0,1.2fr);align-items:center;gap:2.5rem}
.hobby-copy p{margin-bottom:0}
.running-photo{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;border-radius:6px}
.cat-gallery{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:1.5rem;margin-top:1.6rem}
.cat-gallery img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;aspect-ratio:3/4;object-fit:cover;border-radius:6px}
.cat-gallery figcaption{font-size:.875rem;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);margin-top:.65rem}
.life-reading>h3{margin-top:1.8rem}
@media(max-width:700px){.portrait{width:220px}.hobby-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.4rem}.life-section{padding-bottom:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem}.cat-gallery{gap:1rem}}
@media(max-width:460px){.cat-gallery{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.5rem}}

/* Balance the v2 portrait with the biography without cropping the image. */
.bio{grid-template-columns:270px minmax(0,1fr);gap:2.5rem}
.portrait{width:270px;height:auto}
@media(max-width:700px){.bio{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1.6rem}.portrait{width:260px;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto}}

/* Slightly larger navigation and an inline bibliography link. */
.nav-links a{font-size:1rem}
.scholar-heading{font-size:1rem;font-weight:500;white-space:nowrap}
@media(min-width:701px) and (max-width:850px){.nav-links{gap:1.4rem}.nav-inner{padding-inline:1.5rem}}

/* Subtle dividers between social profile links. */
.profile-links > a + a,
.footer-links > li + li{position:relative}
.profile-links > a + a::before,
.footer-links > li + li::before{content:"";position:absolute;top:50%;height:1em;border-left:1px solid #b8c2ca;transform:translateY(-50%);pointer-events:none}
.profile-links{column-gap:.9rem}
.profile-links > a + a::before{left:-.45rem}
.footer-links > li + li::before{left:-.75rem}